PCOS is a common endocrine condition affecting around 10% of ladies in the reproductive age group. It usually presents with irregular cycles, unwanted hair growth over the face and body (hirsuitism), acne and/or Polycystic Ovarian morphology in Ultrasound scan.
PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion after ruling out rare endocrine causes like prolactinoma, hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone levels), non-classical CAH and Cushing syndrome. These can be done under consultation by an Endocrinologist.
Mainstay of treatment of PCOS include
- Lifestyle modification - Proper diet and exercise
- Weight loss (if overweight/obese) of around 10% from present body weight OR as near to normal BMI as possible
- Estrogen and Progesterone (E+P) Pills - 21 day pills help to regularise cycles, reduce hirsuitism by 30-50%, reduce acne if present. These pills are safe and most effective medicine if given under supervision.
- Anti-androgen therapy - These are used in addition to E+P pills when the reduction in unwanted hair growth is not adequate.
- Fertility – Spontaneous pregnancy is usually possible in PCOS. In cases where there is difficulty in conceiving, ovulation induction by clomiphene or letrozole gives good results.
PCOS is a complex metabolic condition which requires continuous and ongoing care during the reproductive period of woman.
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